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Lead Paint (LL1 / LL111 / LL122 / LL123)

Lead Paint Compliance — Local Laws 1, 111, 122, and 123

New York City has some of the strictest lead paint regulations in the country. A series of local laws — most recently LL111 of 2023 — require owners of pre-1960 residential buildings (and buildings built between 1960 and 1978 with known lead paint) to inspect for lead-based paint hazards, remediate any conditions found, and file annual certifications with HPD.

Check your building's lead paint compliance obligations.All laws

Who is covered

Residential buildings built before 1960 with any dwelling units. Buildings built between 1960 and 1978 are also covered if lead-based paint has been identified.

What the law requires

  • Conduct annual visual inspections of all dwelling units for peeling or deteriorating paint.
  • Perform XRF (X-ray fluorescence) testing in units where children under 6 reside or where deteriorated paint is found.
  • Remediate all lead-based paint hazards using certified lead-safe work practices.
  • File an annual lead paint compliance certification with HPD by August 31.
  • Maintain turnover inspection records for units being prepared for new occupancy.

Filing frequency and deadlines

Filing frequency

Annual certification plus ongoing inspection obligations.

Key deadlines

HPD certification due August 31 each year. Turnover inspections are required for every unit vacancy.

Penalty structure

Non-compliance with Lead Paint (LL1 / LL111 / LL122 / LL123) can result in the following penalties:

  • $500 to $5,000 per unit per violation for failure to inspect, remediate, or certify.
  • Tenant lawsuits and liability exposure for lead poisoning — damages can be substantial.
  • HPD enforcement actions including emergency repair orders.

Exemptions

  • Buildings constructed after 1978.
  • Buildings between 1960 and 1978 with no identified lead-based paint.

Recent updates and amendments

Local Law 111 of 2023 expanded the scope of required inspections and lowered the age threshold for mandatory testing in units with young children. HPD has increased enforcement and is conducting more audits of filed certifications.

Reference

NYC Admin Code § 27-2056.1 through § 27-2056.18NYC Department of Housing Preservation and Development (HPD)

Official source: NYC HPD — Lead-Based Paint

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